The vulva is the external part of the female genitalia and includes the labia, clitoris, vaginal opening, and surrounding skin. Despite its importance, many women receive very little education about normal vulvar anatomy, healthy vulvar care, or the wide range of normal vulvar appearance.
It is normal for the vulva to vary in size, shape, color, and symmetry from person to person. Understanding what is normal can help women feel more comfortable with their bodies and recognize when changes should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.
This page provides information about normal vulvar anatomy, vulvar self-care, pubic hair, labial anatomy, cosmetic procedures, and other topics related to vulvar health.
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The appearance of the vulva varies tremendously from woman to woman. Differences in the size, shape, color, symmetry, and prominence of the labia are all normal. Many women worry that their vulva looks "abnormal" because of images seen online or in the media, but there is no single "normal" appearance.
Most differences in labial size and shape are normal and do not require treatment. Labiaplasty is generally considered only when symptoms such as chronic irritation, discomfort, or functional concerns are present. Cosmetic surgery should be approached thoughtfully after discussing risks, benefits, and expectations with a qualified healthcare provider.