Sexual health is an important part of overall well-being and quality of life. Changes in sexual desire, arousal, orgasm, comfort, or satisfaction are common and can occur at any stage of life. Hormonal changes, menopause, stress, relationship factors, medical conditions, medications, sleep disturbances, and pain with intercourse can all affect sexual function.
Common sexual concerns may include:
• Low libido or decreased sexual desire
• Difficulty becoming aroused
• Difficulty achieving orgasm
• Painful intercourse
• Vaginal dryness or discomfort
• Sexual concerns related to menopause, cancer treatment, or other medical conditions
Sexual concerns are common and often treatable. The resources below provide information about female sexual health, low libido, menopause-related changes, testosterone therapy, relationship factors, and treatment options that may help improve sexual well-being.
Low libido refers to a decrease in sexual desire or interest in sexual activity. Sexual desire naturally varies throughout life and can be influenced by many factors, including stress, relationship satisfaction, sleep quality, mood, medications, medical conditions, hormonal changes, menopause, and pain with intercourse. A lower libido does not necessarily indicate a medical problem, particularly if it is not causing distress.
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) is a specific medical condition characterized by a persistent lack of sexual desire that causes significant personal distress, frustration, or concern. HSDD is one of the most common forms of female sexual dysfunction. The diagnosis takes into account not only changes in desire, but also the impact those changes have on a woman's quality of life and relationships.
Low libido and HSDD are often multifactorial and may be influenced by physical, emotional, hormonal, and relationship factors. Treatment options vary depending on the underlying causes and may include lifestyle modifications, counseling, treatment of painful intercourse or vaginal dryness, hormone therapy, testosterone therapy in selected patients, and other individualized approaches.
Testosterone therapy may be considered for selected postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). While testosterone is not FDA-approved for this indication in the United States, several professional societies support its use in carefully selected patients after appropriate counseling regarding risks and benefits.
Practice Guidelines for Use of Testosterone for HSDD in Women (ISSWSH)
Podcast:
Recommended Videos: